ケイトウは多年草ですが、耐寒性が無く、寒い冬に枯れてしまう日本では「一年草」として扱われています。
ケイトウは花持ちが良く、色も様々なものがあり、園芸店で並んでいてもひと際目を引くものですよね。
ケイトウは種類も多く、初心者でも育てやすい品種の一つです。
今日はそんなケイトウについて、育て方や育てやすい品種、また、珍しい品種についても詳しく見ていきます。
ケイトウを育ててみたいと思った方は是非参考にしてみてください。
ケイトウは多年草ではなく一年草
ケイトウは、ヒユ科の非耐寒性一年草です。
日本の気候では寒さで枯れてしまうので、一年草として扱われています。
原産地では多年草として育ちます。
ケイトウは、暑さに強く、夏から秋まで長い期間花を咲かせます。
花はフワフワ、モコモコとした暖かな質感で、色や形も多種多様です。
切り花やドライフラワーにも向いています。
日本でケイトウを冬越しさせるには？
ケイトウは、原産地では多年草ですが、日本では寒さで枯れてしまう一年草として扱われています。
冬の間も花を楽しみたい場合は、以下の方法があります。
・秋に出回る苗を購入し、鉢植えで育てる。最低気温が10℃以下になる前に室内に取り込み、室内では15℃以上を保つようにする。
・秋頃に出てきたわき芽をカットして挿し芽として育てる。気温が下がってきたらハウスや室内に移し、温度を上げて育てる。
・こぼれ種から育てる。秋に咲いた花をそのままにしておき、種が地面に落ちるのを待つ。翌年夏に芽が出るので、その時に移植する。
いずれの方法も、水やりや肥料は適度に与えてください。
また、病害虫に注意して定期的にチェックしてください。
ケイトウの花言葉は？
ケイトウの花言葉は、「おしゃれ」「気取り」「風変わり」「個性」「色あせぬ恋」です。
ケイトウは、雄鶏のトサカのような花形から、おしゃれや気取り屋という意味がつけられました。
また、ドライフラワーにしても色あせないことから、色あせぬ恋という意味もあります。
ケイトウは、8月24日、8月29日、9月5日の誕生花でもあります。
ケイトウの英語の花言葉は、「foppery（〔男の〕おしゃれ）」「affectation（気取り）」「singularity（風変わり）」です。
ケイトウは、夏から秋にかけて咲くヒユ科の一年草で、原産地はアジアやアフリカの熱帯地方です。
花色や形は多種多様で、トサカ系や久留米系、羽毛系などがあります。
切り花や寄せ植えにも向いています。
ケイトウの花言葉は色によって違うということはありません。ケイトウはどの色も同じ花言葉を持っています。
また、ケイトウには怖い花言葉はありません。
ケイトウの種類
ケイトウは、夏から秋にかけて咲くヒユ科の一年草で、原産地はアジアやアフリカの熱帯地方です。
花色や形は多種多様で、トサカ系や久留米系、羽毛系などがあります。
切り花や寄せ植えにも向いています。
育てやすいもの
育てやすいケイトウの種類としては、以下のものがおすすめです。
トサカケイトウ：
小さな花が密生して鶏のトサカのような花房をつけます。
花房が平べったい形をしているのが特徴です。
赤やピンク、黄色などの華やかな色があります。日当たりと水はけの良い場所で育てましょう。
フサゲイトウ（羽毛ゲイトウ）：
羽毛のように柔らかい円錐形の花穂が特徴的です。
ふさふさとしていて、炎のような形にも見えます。
赤やオレンジ、グリーンなどの色があります。
日当たりと水はけの良い場所で育てましょう。
ノゲイトウ（セロシア）：
茎の先が枝分かれして、それぞれにキャンドルのような花穂が立ち上がってつきます。
赤やピンク、黄色などの色があります。
日当たりと水はけの良い場所で育てましょう。
ケイトウは暑さに強く寒さに弱い性質があるので、冬には室内に取り込んだり、挿し芽やこぼれ種で増やしたりする方法があります。
珍しいもの
珍しいケイトウの種類としては、以下のものがあります。
セロシア・ヴィンテージ：
花色がベージュ系のピンクやオレンジ、グリーンなどで、茎や葉までアンティークカラーでシックな品種です。
花房はトサカ系で平べったい形をしています。
セロシア・チャイナタウン：
花色が鮮やかな赤や黄色で、花房は久留米系で球状になっています。
葉も赤や黄色に色づきます。
セロシア・レッドクリフ：
花色が深い赤で、花房は羽毛系で円錐形になっています。
葉も赤くなります。
セロシア・クリスタータ：
花色が赤やピンク、黄色などで、花房はトサカ系ですが、ひだ状になっていて凹凸があります。
葉は緑色です。
これらのケイトウは、流通量が少ないか高価なため、珍しいと言えるでしょう。
ガーデニングショップやネット通販などで探してみてくださいね。
ケイトウの分類
ケイトウは植物分類的にはヒユ科のケイトウ属に属する双子葉植物です。
ケイトウ属には30～60種ほどがあり、熱帯から亜熱帯の地域に分布しています。
ケイトウはその中の一種で、学名はCelosia argenteaといいます。
ケイトウと同じ科の植物
ヒユ科はナデシコ目の植物の分類群で、世界に約70属800種ほどがあります。
日本には5属10数種が自生しています。
ヒユ科の植物には、観賞用や食用、薬用などに利用されるものが多くあります。
ヒユ科の有名な植物を4つ挙げると、以下のようになります。
センニチコウ：
小さな球状の花を密集させた花穂が特徴的です。
赤やピンク、白などの色があります。
夏から秋にかけて咲く一年草で、切り花やドライフラワーにも向いています。
ホウレンソウ：
葉は緑色でふつう三角形で、茎は赤紫色を帯びます。
春から秋にかけて咲く一年草で、葉や茎は野菜として食べられます。
ビタミンやミネラルが豊富です。
テンサイ：
根は円錐形で赤紫色をしています。
夏から秋にかけて咲く二年生植物で、根は砂糖の原料として利用されます。
栄養価が高く、葉も食用にできます。
オカヒジキ：
茎は細くて多肉質で、節ごとに葉を出します。
夏から秋にかけて咲く一年草で、茎や葉は野菜として食べられます。
塩味があり、酢の物や炒め物などに使われます。
以上がヒユ科の有名な植物の例です。
他にもイノコズチやアッケシソウなどがありますよ。
ケイトウのモサモサ部分は花？
ケイトウのモサモサ部分は、実は花ではありません。
茎が扁平になって帯状に発達したもので、帯化（たいか）あるいは石化（せっか）と呼ばれます。
帯化した茎の先端には、たくさんの小さな花が密集しています。
小さな花は雄しべと雌しべがあって、受粉すると種ができます。
帯化は、茎の先端の成長点細胞が横方向に増えて線のようになって広がり、そこで花芽に変わる現象です。
帯化した茎は、花を目立たせる役割を果たします。
帯化はケイトウだけでなく、他の植物にも見られる現象です。
例えば、ヒマワリやキクの中心部分も帯化した茎です。
ケイトウは、夏から秋にかけて咲くヒユ科の一年草で、原産地はアジアやアフリカの熱帯地方です。
花色や形は多種多様で、トサカ系や久留米系、羽毛系などがあります。
切り花や寄せ植えにも向いています。
「ケイトウは多年草？一年草？育てやすい品種一覧。」についてのまとめ
ケイトウは多年草ですが、耐寒性が無く、寒い冬に枯れてしまう日本では「一年草」として扱われています。
園芸店でよく見る種類の他にも、珍しくあまり見ない品種もあり、60種類くらいが存在愛します。
画像で見てみるのも楽しいですし、もし興味が湧けば購入して育ててみるのも楽しいのではないでしょうか。
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